United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2008. International Standard Industrial Classifcation of All Economic Activities Revision 4. New York, NY: United Nations.
2. Linder’s hypothesis is that countries begin to export manufactures to markets with similar demand patterns.
3. While import duties in industrial countries for manufactures from developing countries increase with the degree of processing, export of Western corporations located in their satellite in the underdeveloped countries had free access to Western markets. Western ships and cargo planes returning from delivering military supplies to Far East countries also needed return cargo; this need necessitated transportation of Far Eastern manufactured products to the West duty free.
4. For details on the phases of realizing the African Economic Community, see Yongo-Bure 2011, 69–87.
5. The African Union has recognized only eight regional economic communities (RECs) as the bases of the African Economic Community. These are the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the East African Community (EAC), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD), the Arab Maghreb Union (UMA), and the Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CENSAD).