This book explores four main themes. Theme 1, "Urban tourism and environ mental pollution risks", examines the link between urban tourism and pollution and its implications for sustainability. It inspects how tourism may contribute to urban pollution, and how vulnerable communities affected by urban pollution use tourism to address the environmental and socioeconomic impacts created by capitalist political economies. It further interrogates how urban challenges such as environmental degradation and waste impact tourism development. In Chap ter 2, Llewellyn Leonard and Robin Nunkoo examine ‘toxic tourism’ as a new form of alternative urban tourism and environmental justice in the South Dur ban Industrial Basin, South Africa. In Chapter 3, Wilma Sichombo Nchito and Euphemia Mwale evaluate the linkages between waste management in the hos pitality industry and urban risk in Livingstone City, Zambia. In Chapter 4, Pius Siakwah analyses the political economy of unplanned urban sprawl, waste and tourism development in Ghana. In Chapter 5, Llewellyn Leonard and Ayanda Dladla examine an assessment of environmental risk management and town ship tourism development based in Alexandra Township, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Theme 2, "Peace tourism, battlefelds and war risks", acknowledges the unequal and unsustainable tourism development, which can create confict and divisions within sub-Saharan African urban cities at the same time con tribute to building peace amongst social actors. This theme explores the com plexity of (peace) tourism and building amity in African cities. In Chapter 6, Brij Maharaj explores mega sport events and urban risks, specifcally examining the relations between FIFA 2010, the African bid and xenophobic violence. In Chapter 7, using the case of Zimbabwe, Regis Musavengane evaluates the inter section between election risks and urban tourism in SSA cities with the aim to explore peace through tourism. In Chapter 8, Clément Longondjo Etambakonga and Dieudonné Trinto Mugangu evaluate the role of responsible tourism in peace-building and social inclusion in war-risk cities in Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Theme 3, "Tourism, climate change and food risks", examines how climate change impacts African tourism businesses, and how tourism businesses could adapt to a changing environment. Climate change is altering the nature of envi ronments globally, and the operation and sustainability of tourism depends on the nature and scale of climate change. This theme, thus explores the nexus between African cities, climate change and urban tourism risk. The theme begins with Chapter 9, where Eromose Ebhuoma and Llewellyn Leonard, using the case of Nigeria, discuss factors infuencing tourism accommodations’ lack of preparedness for fooding. In Chapter 10, Francini van Staden’s dual case study in Mombasa and Cape Town examines climate change impacts and adap tation strategies for tourism hotspots. In Chapter 11, Raphael Ane Atanga and Tembi Tichaawa examine the risk of food impacts on tourism in coastal cities of West Africa, using a case study of Accra, Ghana. In Chapter 12, Felix Donkor and Kevin Mearns explore the nexus of climate change and urban tourism in South Africa.
Lastly, Theme 4, "Inclusive urban tourism and enclaves", explores inclusive sustainable urban tourism and ways to enhance local sustainable tourism devel opment for all, within a cosmopolitan African urban tourism space. Although tourism is a fast-growing sector that contributes to livelihoods, it can be exclu sionary for certain sectors of the population such as vulnerable groups and informal settlers in urban spaces, as highlighted earlier. This theme delves into the exclusionary tendencies of the tourism sector in the urban space and offers ways to overcome these. The theme starts with Chapter 13, where Prudence Khumalo examines human settlements and tourism development in Kenya, with emphasis on prospects for tackling urban risks in informal settlements. In Chapter 14, Michael Dyssel examines conservation tourism challenges and opportunities on the Cape Flats in South Africa. In Chapter 15, Zibanai Zhou focuses on resilience, inclusiveness and challenges of cosmopolitan cities’ heritage tourism in Harare, Zimbabwe. In Chapter 16, Erisher Woyo delves into prospects and challenges of sustainable urban tourism in Windhoek, par ticularly linkages between poverty, inequality and urban risks. The concluding Chapter 17 navigates the future of urban tourism amidst environmental, polit ical and social risks.
This book builds upon previous books on urban tourism (see Page & Hall 2003; and Rogerson & Visser, 2007). However, they seem to lack details from a sub-Saharan African perspective, and do not uniquely converge and analyse urban risk and tourism issues. This book will be of importance in the tourism political economy and ecology felds, and specifcally add value to the urban tourism content. The chapters will be of interest to a global scholarly audience of tourism geographers, students and lecturers, tourism managers and policy makers, professional tourism and urban risk practitioners and city planners. This volume can also be used as a main course textbook or a supplementary book, and includes a variety of rich cases from sub-Saharan Africa. This volume raises important insights in dealing with a range of developmental policy and plan ning issues in sub-Saharan Africa relating to urban risks, tourism and resilience. It outlines the implications of urban risks on sustainable tourism and suggests future research directions.